algebraic ring - ορισμός. Τι είναι το algebraic ring
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Τι (ποιος) είναι algebraic ring - ορισμός

ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURE IN MATHEMATICS, NOT NECESSARILY WITH MULTIPLICATIVE IDENTITY
Ring (algebra); Associative rings; Unit ring; Ring with a unit; Unital ring; Associative ring; Unitary ring; Ring (abstract algebra); Ring with unity; Ring with identity; Ring unit; Ring (math); Ring (maths); Ring mathematics; Ring maths; Ring math; Mathematical ring; Algebraic ring; Arithmetic properties; Ring with Unity; Unitary algebra; Ring axioms; Ring object; Ring of functions
  • [[Richard Dedekind]], one of the founders of [[ring theory]].
  • The [[integer]]s, along with the two operations of [[addition]] and [[multiplication]], form the prototypical example of a ring.

Ring (mathematics)         
In mathematics, rings are algebraic structures that generalize fields: multiplication need not be commutative and multiplicative inverses need not exist. In other words, a ring is a set equipped with two binary operations satisfying properties analogous to those of addition and multiplication of integers.
Algebraic extension         
FIELD EXTENSION VIA ADJOINING SOLUTIONS TO POLYNOMIALS WITH COEFFICIENTS IN THE SUBFIELD
Algebraic extension of a field; Algebraic field extension; Relative algebraic closure; Algebraic extension field
In mathematics, an algebraic extension is a field extension such that every element of the larger field is algebraic over the smaller field ; that is, if every element of is a root of a non-zero polynomial with coefficients in .Fraleigh (2014), Definition 31.
Derived algebraic geometry         
BRANCH OF MATHEMATICS GENERALIZING ALGEBRAIC GEOMETRY SO THAT COMMUTATIVE RINGS PROVIDING LOCAL CHARTS ARE REPLACED BY SIMPLICIAL COMMUTATIVE RINGS OR E∞-RING SPECTRA, WHOSE HIGHER HOMOTOPY GROUPS ACCOUNT FOR NON-DISCRETENESS OF THE STRUCTURE SHEAF
Homotopical algebraic geometry; Spectral algebraic geometry
Derived algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics that generalizes algebraic geometry to a situation where commutative rings, which provide local charts, are replaced by either differential graded algebras (over \mathbb{Q}), simplicial commutative rings or E_{\infty}-ring spectra from algebraic topology, whose higher homotopy groups account for the non-discreteness (e.g.

Βικιπαίδεια

Ring (mathematics)

In mathematics, rings are algebraic structures that generalize fields: multiplication need not be commutative and multiplicative inverses need not exist. In other words, a ring is a set equipped with two binary operations satisfying properties analogous to those of addition and multiplication of integers. Ring elements may be numbers such as integers or complex numbers, but they may also be non-numerical objects such as polynomials, square matrices, functions, and power series.

Formally, a ring is an abelian group whose operation is called addition, with a second binary operation called multiplication that is associative, is distributive over the addition operation, and has a multiplicative identity element. (Some authors use the term "rng" with a missing "i" to refer to the more general structure that omits this last requirement; see § Notes on the definition.)

Whether a ring is commutative (that is, whether the order in which two elements are multiplied might change the result) has profound implications on its behavior. Commutative algebra, the theory of commutative rings, is a major branch of ring theory. Its development has been greatly influenced by problems and ideas of algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. The simplest commutative rings are those that admit division by non-zero elements; such rings are called fields.

Examples of commutative rings include the set of integers with their standard addition and multiplication, the set of polynomials with their addition and multiplication, the coordinate ring of an affine algebraic variety, and the ring of integers of a number field. Examples of noncommutative rings include the ring of n × n real square matrices with n ≥ 2, group rings in representation theory, operator algebras in functional analysis, rings of differential operators, and cohomology rings in topology.

The conceptualization of rings spanned the 1870s to the 1920s, with key contributions by Dedekind, Hilbert, Fraenkel, and Noether. Rings were first formalized as a generalization of Dedekind domains that occur in number theory, and of polynomial rings and rings of invariants that occur in algebraic geometry and invariant theory. They later proved useful in other branches of mathematics such as geometry and analysis.